畜禽粪便堆肥过程中酶活性及微生物数量的变化研究

Changing of Enzymes Activity and Microbe Quantity in Animal Manure during Composting

实验选取鸡粪和猪粪进行好氧堆肥发酵,研究畜禽粪便腐熟过程中酶活性和微生物的变化趋势以及相互联系。结果表明:过氧化氢酶活性和纤维素酶活性在堆肥初期较高,随后迅速降低,最终过氧化氢酶维持在9～12ml/g之间,纤维素酶维持在12.37～15.07mg/(kg.h)之间,而脲酶活性变化趋势为"升高-降低-升高"。细菌数量变化趋势为"低-高-低";放线菌为"高-低";真菌为"高-低-高"。通过相关分析发现,放线菌可能是影响堆肥中过氧化氢酶和纤维素酶的关键因素。鸡粪中放线菌与过氧化氢酶呈极显著正相关;猪粪中放线菌与过氧化氢酶和纤维素酶呈显著正相关;鸡粪+猪粪中放线菌与过氧化氢酶和纤维素酶呈极显著正相关。

The experiment took chicken manure and pig manure to conduct composting experiment and researched on changes and interrelationships of enzyme activity and microbe quantity.The results showed that：the catalase activity and cellulose activity kept at a higher level in the early stage of composting,and then decreased quickly.Finally,the catalase activity between 9ml/g and 12ml/g,and the cellulose activity between 12.37mg/（kg·h）and 15.07mg/（kg·h）.The trend of urease activity was ＂highed-lowed-highed＂.The trend of bacteria quantity was ＂low-high-low＂,actinomycetes quantity was ＂high-low＂ and fungi was ＂high-low-high＂.Through correlation analysis,the actinomycetes may was important factor that affected the change of catalase activity and cellulose activity.The actinomycetes had a significantly positive correlation with catalase in chicken manure,and had a positive correlation with catalase and cellulose in pig manure,and had a significantly positive correlation with catalase and cellulose in mixed chicken and pig manure.