2003至2007年海南黎族支气管哮喘患病率调查

Prevalence survey on bronchial asthma of Li nationality in Hainan from 2003 to 2007

目的 了解海南黎族不同人群的哮喘患病率及分布,为黎族哮喘人群的防治提供依据.方法 采用分层不等比例整群抽样方法 ,在海南南部、中部和西部地区共计调查黎族13 050人,对不同人群的哮喘患病率进行分析.结果 海南黎族的哮喘患病率为3.38%,哮喘患病率随着年龄的增加而升高;农业人群的患病率（4.08%）高于养殖业和商业人群（2.52%和1.97%,P＜0.01）,农业中从事橡胶相关职业人群的患病率最高,为4.62%;农村人群（3.85%）的哮喘患病率明显高于城镇人群（2.63%,P＜0.01）;南部人群最低仅为2.30%.结论 摸清了海南地区黎族哮喘的流行分布特征,海南黎族哮喘患病率较高,应引起足够的重视,需加强支气管哮喘防治和宣传教育.

Objective To learn the prevalence rate and distribution of bronchial asthma of Li nationality in Hainan by epidemiological survey so as to provide rationales for preventing and treating asthma Methods A total of 13 050 subjects of Li nationality in Hainan were investigated by random sampling of stratified cluster method with an unequal ratio according to the medical records, physical signs and symptoms and pulmonary function tests. Then the prevalence was analyzed according to different population characteristics. Results The prevalence rate of asthma was 3.38% for Li nationality in Hainan.And it increased with an advancing age. It was much higher in agricultural population （4. 08% ） than that in cultivation and commercial populations （2. 52% and 1.97%, P ＜0. 01 ）. The asthma prevalence rate was in the highest at 4. 62% in rubber workers. And it was much higher in rural areas than that in urban areas （3. 85% vs 2. 63%, P ＜0. 01 ）. Conclusions The epidemiological distribution of asthma of Li nationality in Hainan has been determined. And asthma remains a severe problem locally. The efforts of preventing and treating asthma and its education should be strengthened.