川滇石榴品种遗传多样性及亲缘关系的AFLP分析

Genetic Diversity and Genetic Relationship of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) in Sichuan and Yunnan Evaluated by AFLP Markers

石榴（Punica granatum）为石榴科（Punicaceae）石榴属（Punica）落叶灌木或小乔木,原产伊朗、阿富汗等中亚一带,从西汉张骞出使西域将涂林安石榴引入我国,石榴作为水果和观赏树木在我国已有2000多年的栽培历史。经长期天然杂交和基因突变,以及采用实生、分株、嫁接等多种繁殖方法,产生了复杂而多样的品种和类型,据不完全统计,我国现有石榴品种资源200多个,遍及南北各地20多个省区,形成了山东枣庄。

For better exploiting pomegranate resources in Sichuan and Yunnan,we analysed the DNA polymorphism of 42 pomegranate cultivars by AFLP markers.NTSYSpc-2.10 software was used to analyze and the result indicated that the genetic similarity coefficient（Sg）ranged from 0.712 7 to 0.925 4 with an average of 0.814 2;An analysis with PopGen32 software revealed that 362 bands amplified by 5 pairs of polymorphic AFLP primers had 235 polymorphic loci,the percentage of polymorphic bands was 65.66%.The effective number of alleles per locus（Ne）,Neis gene diversity（H）,Shannon information index（I）were respectively 1.260 7,0.160 3,0.253 1,suggesting that there was relative great genetic diversity among pomegranate germplasm in Sichuan and Yunnan cultivars.UPGMA method was used to construct a phylogenetic tree.The 42 cultivars were isolated completely by 5 pairs of AFLP primers,with genetic similarity coefficient（Sg）0.82 for the threshold value,and the 42 pomegranate cultivars in Sichuan and Yunnan were divided into four taxa,which showed genetic relationship among the 42 pomegranate cultivars in Sichuan and Yunnan at molecular level and would be helpful for future research and utilization of the pomegranate germplasm.Additionally,18 specific bands were detected,which would be used as referential identification tags for the relevant 13 pomegranate cultivars.