人力资本、空间溢出与省际全要素生产率增长——基于三种空间权重测度的实证检验

Human Capital,Spatial Spillovers and Inter-provincial TFP Growth:Evidence from Three Spatial Weight Measurement

借鉴Spatial Benhabib-Spiegel模型,文章分别采用地理距离权重矩阵、0-1权重矩阵、经济距离权重矩阵等3种不同形式的空间权重矩阵对我国人力资本与省际全要素生产率增长的空间溢出效应进行实证检验。结果表明:3种空间权重矩阵设定下的回归结果一致支持了人力资本对生产率增长和技术进步具有正向空间溢出效应,而对效率增进则具有负向溢出效应。对异质性人力资本而言,中小学教育人力资本对全要素生产率增长具有正向空间溢出效应,而高等教育人力资本则表现出负向空间溢出效应。因此,在制定人力资本投资政策时,应该将空间影响因素纳入其中,充分考虑省际人力资本的空间联系与互动,以实现区域经济持续均衡发展。

Using the ideas of Benhabib-Spiegel model,this paper employs three different spatial weight matrixes to empirically test the spatial spillover effects of human capital on inter-provincial TFP growth.The results show that human capital has significantly positive spillover effects on TFP growth and technological progress,but negative spillover effects on efficiency improvement.As for the heterogeneity of human capital,primary and secondary education has significantly positive spatial spillover effect on TFP growth,while higher education shows negative one.Therefore,in order to realize the sustainable and balanced development of regional economy,it is of great importance to introduce spatial influencing factors into human capital investment policies and take account of the spatial links of inter-provincial human capital when making human capital investment policies.