不同生态管理措施对丘陵茶园土壤微生物生物量和微生物数量的影响

Effects of Different Ecological Management on the Soil Microbial Biomass and Microbial Population of Tea Plantation in Hilly Red Soil Biomass and Microbial Population of Tea Plantation in Hilly Red Soil Region

研究了间种三叶草、稻草覆盖与有机无机肥配施等不同生态管理措施对丘陵茶园土壤微生物生物量和微生物类群数量的影响,结果表明:与CK(NPK肥+清耕)相比,饼肥+PK+清耕、NPK肥+稻草覆盖、饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖、NPK肥+间作三叶草、饼肥+PK+间作三叶草处理微生物量C、N、P均有提高,NPK肥+间作三叶草、饼肥+PK+间作三叶草处理中细菌数量较高,NPK肥+稻草覆盖、饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖处理土壤放线菌数量较高,但各处理间真菌数量变幅不大。总的来说,NPK肥+稻草覆盖与饼肥+PK+间作三叶草处理促进土壤微生物生长的效果最为明显。相关分析表明,土壤微生物量C与有机质、全N和速效N相关性优于其他微生物活性指标,适宜作为生态茶园土壤健康评价的敏感因子。

Tea plants（Camellia sinensis L.） are perennial shrubs and are cultivated widely on acid red soil in the tropical and subtropical zones.The effects of different fertilization on the soil microbial biomass and soil microbial population of tea plantation in hilly red soil region were investigated in this study.Results showed the amounts of SMB-C,SMB-N and SMB-P all increased after straw covering and intercropping white clover.The number of bacteria increased notably after intercropping white clover,and that of actinomycetes increased after straw covering.However,fungal population varied slightly.Overall,the effects of NPK＋ straw mulching and cakes＋PK＋intercropping white clover were most significant.Positive correlation was found between the contents of SMB-C and SMB-N and those of organic matter,total N and available N.SMB-C was much more sensitive than the other biological indicators.