松嫩盐碱草地植物丛枝菌根的初步调查

Primary Survey for Plant Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Songnen Alkaline Grassland

对松嫩盐碱草地主要植物的丛枝菌根(AM)真菌共生状况进行了初步调查,在观察的9科20种植物中,所有植物均能被AM真菌侵染。在过去认为不被侵染的莎草科、藜科和蓼科植物中,发现球序苔草、碱蓬、灰绿藜、碱地肤、萹蓄蓼和碱蓼有侵染现象。丛枝菌根结构类型以Arum类型(A-型)为主,占75%,少数为Paris类型(P-型),占15%。根际土壤中AM真菌孢子密度范围为0.23～4.71个g-1。在不同质地土壤条件下,根际土壤中AM真菌孢子密度、AM真菌侵染率和侵染强度均有差异,松嫩盐碱草地的壤土比砂壤土更适宜AM真菌的生存。植物根际土壤的pH值和全盐含量对AM真菌侵染和AM真菌均有一定的影响。

The symbiosis of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） fungi in Songnen alkaline grassland was primarily investigated.The results showed that AM fungi colonized all observed 20 species in 9 families.Carex kobomugi,Chenopodium glauncm,Suaeda glauca,Polygonum sibiricum,Polygonum aviculare and Kochia scoparia var.sieversiana were colonized by AM fungi,which belonged to those families deemed as unable or hardly infected by AM fungi before.The AM type in most wild plant species in this survey was the Arum-type（75%）,whereas the Paris-type was only 15%.Spore density in the rhizosphere soil of different host plant species ranged from 0.23 to 4.71 per gram oven-dried soil.The spore density in rhizospheres soil of host plants,colonization rate and infection intensity were different under different soil textures.AM fungi living in loam were better than in sandy loam of Songnen grassland.The pH value and total salt content of rhizosphere soil had some influence on the colonization rates and the capacity of producing spores of AMfungi.