不同铵态氮/硝态氮配比营养液对烟草矿质营养吸收与积累的影响

Effect of Nutrient Solutions with Different NH_4^+/NO_3^- Ratios on Absorption and Accumulation of Mineral Nutrients in Tobacco

采用营养液培养的方法,研究了不同铵态氮与硝态氮配比(铵硝比)营养液对烟草主要几种矿质养分的吸收与积累的影响。结果表明,在其它养分形态与浓度一致条件下,随着铵硝比从10∶0变化到0∶10,烟草叶片、茎与全株干物质量均增加,但烟草根系干物质量呈倒抛物线型变化,以铵硝比为5∶5时达到最大值(2.31 g)。烟草全株氮、磷、锌含量以铵硝比为7∶3时达到最大,钾、镁、铜、锰等含量随硝态氮含量的增加而显著增加,钙含量以铵硝比为3∶7达到最大值;全株内氮、磷、钙、锌积累量随硝态氮所占比例的增加而增加,以3:7时达到最大值,钾、镁、铜、锰等积累量随硝态氮所占比例的增加而增加。铵硝比从10∶0变化到7∶3时,烟草叶片氮、磷含量随硝态氮所占比例的增加而增加,其中以铵硝比为7∶3时达到最高,钾、镁、铜、锰含量随硝态氮所占比例的增加而增加;而钙含量达到最大值的铵硝比为3∶7,但锌含量总随硝态氮所占比例的增加而降低。氮、磷、钙、锌等在叶片的积累量以铵硝比为3∶7时达到最大值,而钾、镁、铜、锰等积累量总随铵硝比的减少而增加。

This paper studied the effect of different NH4＋/NO3-ratios on the absorption and accumulation of several mineral nutrients in tobacco by nutrient solution culture method.The results showed that,with the NH4＋/NO3-ratios varied from 10∶0 to 0∶10,the tobacco leaves,stem and whole plant weights were increased,but the tobacco root weight changed in a shape of parabola and got a peak value at the NH4＋/NO3-ratio of 5∶5.The N,P and Zn contents of tobacco got peak value at the NH4＋/NO3-ratio of 7∶3,and K,Mg,Cu and Mn contents were significantly increased with the increase of NO3--N content.Ca content got peak value at the NH4＋/NO3-ratio of 3∶7.With the increase of NO3--N content,the accumulations of N,P,Ca and Zn in tobacco were increased,and got peak value at NH4＋/NO3-ratios 3∶7.The accumulations of K,Mg,Cu and Mn were increased with NO3--N ratio increased.The N and P contents in tobacco leaves were increased with the increase of NO3--N as NH4＋/NO3-ratios changing from 10：0 to 7∶3,which getting the peak value at the NH4＋/NO3-ratio of 7∶3.The K,Mg,Cu and Mn contents in tobacco leaves were increased with the increase of NO3--N.While Ca got peak value at the NH4＋/NO3-ratio of 3∶7,Zn content in leaves always was decreased with the increase of NO3--N.The accumulations of N,P,Ca and Zn in leaves got peak value at the NH4＋/NO3-ratio of 3∶7,while the accumulations of K,Mg,Cu and Mn in leaves were increased as the NH4＋/NO3-ratios decreased.