一种非离子型含氟聚氨酯表面活性剂的合成及性能

Synthesis and Surface Activity of nonionic fluorine-containing polyurethane surfactants

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI)、2-甲氧基-3-全氟壬烯氧基丙醇和聚乙二醇(PEG)等为主要原料,通过分布缩合得到一种非离子型含氟聚氨酯表面活性剂,并利用红外光谱对其进行了表征。讨论了加料方式、亲水单体相对分子质量、聚乙二醇用量等因素对产品性能的影响。实验结果表明,当n(2,4-TDI):n(氟醇):n(PEG)=1:1:1.1时,采用先加入TDI和氟醇,反应一段时间后滴加PEG的加料方式,能够合成得到综合性能较好的非离子型含氟聚氨酯表面活性剂。对该表面活性剂在水相中的表面活性进行了测试,所制得的非离子型含氟聚氨酯表面活性剂(FPU-1)的相对分子质量为1310,其临界胶束浓度约为9.54×10-5mol/L,水溶液的最低表面张力为20.88mN/m。

A series of nonionic fluorine-containing polyurethane surfactants were prepared from toluene diisocynate（TDI）,2-methoxy-3-perfluorinated nonenoxy propanol and polyethylene glycol.Their chemical structure was characterized by FT-IR analysis.The effects of mode of feeding of raw materials,hydrophilic monomer on the prepared polymer＇s properties and PEG were investigated.The result showed that the suitable mole ratio of TDI,2-methoxy-3-perfluorinated nonenoxy propanol and PEG can be identified as 1：1：1.1,and the sequence of the feeding of raw materials is to feed TDI and 2-methoxy-3-perfluorinated nonenoxy propanol first,and then add the PEG.Under such conditions,nonionic fluorine-containing polyurethane surfactant product with good comprehensive proformance can be obtained.Surface activity of the surfactant in aqueous solution was measured that the relative molecular weight of the FPU-1 product is 1310 and the cmc is about 9.54×10-5mol/L with the surface tension of 20.88mN/m.