中国居民卫生行为主要指标地区差异分析

Regional differences of health behaviors among residents of China

目的了解中国居民卫生行为主要指标的地区差异,为合理分配资源与制定相关政策提供依据。方法以2008年全国卫生服务调查数据为基础,采用差异指数(ID)分析中国居民卫生行为4项主要指标的地区差异,并用地理分布图显示其分布。结果城市居民的吸烟率(22.5%)、经常饮酒率(6.8%)低于农村,戒烟率(10.0%)高于农村(7.1%),参加体育锻炼率(49.6%)明显高于农村(11.0%);城乡间参加体育锻炼率的差异指数(ID=0.36)最高,其他3项指标城乡间差异均较小(ID<0.1);西北地区居民吸烟率、经常饮酒率及参加体育锻炼率在6个行政区划中最低,而吸烟率、戒烟率及经常饮酒率的差异指数最高;全国94个调查点间的经常饮酒率(ID=0.27)与参加体育锻炼率(ID=0.47)差异较明显。结论中国居民卫生行为存在地区差异,城乡间差距较大,西北地区差异明显。

Objective To understand the regional differences of health behabior among residents of China.Methods The index of difference（ID） and geographical distribution map were used to analyze four key indicators of health behavior based on the data from 2008 Analysis Report of Natongal Health Services Survey in China.Results Smoking and regular drinking rates of urban residents were lower than those of rural residents.While the rates of quit-smoking and participation in physical exercise were higher.Among six regions,the rates of smoking,regular drinking and participation in physical exercise of the Northwest was the lowest.The ID of participation rate in physical exercise between urban and rural areas was the highest with significant regional difference while the other indicators＇IDs were low.The IDs of smoking rate,quit-smoking rate and regular drinking rate in the Northwest were higher than those of the other regions.Conclusion The health behavior of Chinese residents exists regional differences with significant difference between the urban and the rural and between Northwest and other areas.