常州市婴幼儿喂养状况及影响因素分析

Feeding status and related factors among infants in Changzhou city

目的了解江苏省常州市婴幼儿母乳喂养现状及影响因素。方法采用现况研究方法 ,自常州市所属的城市、乡镇及农村各随机抽取1个现场,以2006年1月1日至2008年12月31日出生的6 240名婴幼儿父母为调查对象进行面对面访谈,采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析喂养方式的影响因素,估计OR值及其95%CI。结果母乳喂养占50.64%,混合喂养占38.62%,人工喂养占10.74%,纯母乳喂养时间达到4个月或6个月的分别占56.4%与29.3%;调整混杂因素后,经无序多分类多因素Logistic回归模型拟合后发现,新生儿出生地域为乡镇和农村、母亲文化程度为大学以上、家庭子女数为多孩、母亲年龄为25~35岁、新生儿早产、分娩地点为乡镇卫生院等因素与混合喂养有关（P〈0.05）;新生儿出生地域为乡镇和农村、母亲文化程度为高中以上、家庭子女数为多孩、母亲年龄〉33岁、新生儿早产、分娩地点为乡镇卫生院及其他等因素与人工喂养有关（P〈0.05）。结论常州市婴幼儿母乳喂养率仍处于较低水平,6个月纯母乳喂养率明显降低,喂养方式主要与新生儿出生地域、母亲文化程度、母亲年龄、新生儿早产及家庭子女数等因素有关。

Objective To explore feeding status and related factors among infants in Changzhou city,Jiangsu province.Methods We used a cross-sectional study with the subjects randomly selected from cities,towns and villages.Totally 6240 babies born from Jan 1,2006 to Dec 31,2008 and their parents were enrolled in the survey.Multifactor multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors and to evaluate odds ratios（ORs） and 95% confidence interval（95%CI）.Results The ratio of exclusive breastfeeding（EBF） was 50.64% with partial breastfeeding（PBF） of 38.62% and bottle feeding（BF） ratio of 10.74%.The ratios of EBF up to 4 and 6 months were 56.4% and 29.3%.The results of multifactor multinomial logistic regression showed that factors associated with PBF were birth place being town and village,mothers＇ education of college or upper,family with multiple children,mothers＇ age between 25-35 years,premature of the infant,and the place of childbirth being township hospital（P0.05 for all） and the factors associated with BF were the birth palce being town and village,mothers＇ education of senior middle school or upper,family with multiple children,mothers＇ age older than 33 years,premature of the infant,and the place of childbirth being township hospital.Conclusion Breastfeeding rate in Changzhou city is low and 6 months EBF rate is significantly low.Feeding status is associated with birth place of the infant,mothers＇ education and age,premature of infant,and family with multiple children.