流沙湾悬浮物数量动态变化规律的初步研究

Preliminary Investigations on Variations of Suspended Matter in the Liusha Bay

水域悬浮物含量可作为衡量水质环境的重要指标,也是水域生态系统营养结构的一个重要体现。2008年2月至2009年1月在流沙湾设置9个观测站,对透明度和悬浮物数量动态变化规律进行了研究。以期在改善流沙湾生态环境,优化海湾水产养殖结构布局中发挥指导作用。结果表明:海湾水温周年平均值为26.4℃,变化范围为19.0～31.9℃;水域透明度年平均值为133.3cm,变化范围为50～240cm;悬浮物含量变化在9.12～29.90mg/L之间,平均为18.70mg/L。水域悬浮物含量有较明显的月变化规律(P<0.05),总的变化趋势是年水体悬浮物浓度呈先升高后降低的折线起伏变化分布。悬浮物含量多数观测站最高值出现在5月份,其平均值为26.81mg/L。水体悬浮物数量的水平分布表现为5号站、6号站和9号站含量较高,1号站、3号站和8号站含量较低,即沿岸观测站高于航道与湾口。流沙湾水域悬浮物浓度季节变化和区域变化显著,水温等环境因子和养殖季节是影响悬浮物含量变化的主导因素。

The contents of suspended matter may be used as the important index for water enverionment evaluation, and it was the important aspect of hydrosphere ecosystem nutriment. From February of 2008 to January of 2009, 9 sites were selected to analyze the water transparency and the variations of suspended matter in Liusha Bay, and these field investigations on the selected sites were carried out 12 times in one year. The purpose of this study was to play an important role in improving ecological environment in Liusha Bay and optimizing structure and layout of aquiculture. The results were as follows： the annual mean water temperature of Liusha bay was 26.4℃, and the water temperature variation ranger from 19.0 to 31.9℃; The annual average water transparency was 133.3 cm, and the water transparency changed from 50 cm to 240cm; The contents of suspended matter were varied from 9.12 mg/L to 29.90 mg/L, and the annual mean value was 18.7 mg/L. The contents of suspended matter was significantly affected in different months （ P 0.05 ） . The whole variation trend of the contents of suspended matter was increased first, then decreased, and fluctuant change. The maximum of most selected sites was in May and the mean value was 26.81 mg/L. The horizontal distribution of the contents of suspended matter was shown that the higher contents was in 5 th site 、 6 th site 、 9 th site and the lower contents was in 1 th site 、 3 th site 、 8 th site. The coastal stations were higher than the channel and bay mouth.The contents of suspended matter in Liusha Bay had significant seasonal and regional variation. The water temperature and some environmental parameters, and culturing season were the main causes of the content variation of suspended matter.