产前诊断中分子生物学技术应用

Molecular biology techniques in prenatal diagnosis

产前诊断是预防遗传病患儿出生的主要途径。随着分子生物学的进展,新的产前诊断技术与方法不断涌现出来,从经典的荧光原位杂交(FISH)、聚合酶链反应(PCR)到基因芯片及多重连接依赖式探针扩增技术(MLPA)、比较基因组杂交(CGH)等分子生物学技术,使产前诊断技术不断趋于完善、准确和简便。文章就各种分子生物学技术在产前诊断中的应用作一简单介绍。

Prenatal diagnosis is the main way to prevent the labor of heredity disease children.With the progress of molecular biology,The new prenatal diagnostic techniques and methods emerged continuously.From the classical fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH）,PCR and its derivatives to the gene chip technology and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification（MLPA）and Comparative genomic hybridization（CGH）etc.are all shown great advantages.Prenatal diagnosis are more and more perfactly,easily and exactly.In this paper,a little introduction was made to the application of various molecular biology techniques in prenatal diagnosis.