淀粉接枝聚乙烯胺捕集剂的合成与吸附性能

Synthesis of starch-g-polyvinylamine and its absorption property

本实验以木薯淀粉为主要原料,高锰酸钾为引发剂,用反相乳液法接枝丙烯酰胺,合成淀粉与丙烯酰胺的共聚物,共聚物经Hofmann降解合成淀粉接枝聚乙烯胺(St-PVAm)的共聚物.研究了合成淀粉接枝聚乙烯胺的工艺条件,得出最佳条件为:淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺2.0g,NaOH的浓度为7.05mol/L,NaClO的浓度为0.146mol/L,降解时间为3h,反应温度为-10℃.考察了St-PVAm捕集重金属离子性能,研究表明,螯合剂的用量,溶液的pH值,搅拌时间是影响去除效果的主要因素,温度因素的影响则不大.

Starch graft polyacrylamide （St-g-PAM） was synthesized with inverse emulsion polymerization,based on cassava starch as main raw material,potassium permanganate as initiator. Starch-g-Polyvinylamine was then synthesized by the copolymers with Hofmann degradation. Starch-g-Polyvinylamine is a kind of chelating agents with metal chelating properties. The optimum conditions of starch-g-polyvinylamine（ St-PVAm） were：the reaction time and temperature were 3h,-10 ℃,respectively. the concentration of NaOH and NaClO were 7.05 mol·L-1,0.146 mol·L-1,respectively. The product was used to remove the heavy metal ions with optimal reaction conditions. The results showed that under certain conditions,the removal rate of Cu2＋,Pb2＋,Cd2＋,Ni2＋ were up to 99.9% and 100% by St-PVAm; the influence of the chelating agents content,pH,reaction time is predominant,and reaction temperature to the removal rate of heavy metal ions is weak.