昆曲音乐中的传统曲笛演奏

Traditional Flute Performance of Kun Opera Music

昆曲是戏曲史上的活化石,流传至今已有六百多年历史。它那婉转细腻的音乐风格在传统戏曲中独树一帜。昆曲音乐风格的形成,除了和当地的人文、地理、历史等因素有关,还和它的伴奏乐器有关。昆曲的主要伴奏乐器是曲笛,其音色醇厚优雅,和昆曲的音乐风格十分贴近。曲笛为昆曲伴奏的时候,充分体现了自身的优势。它们之间相得益彰的融合,使得各自都加强了自身的艺术生命力。在着重梳理传统曲笛在昆曲音乐中的表现后,分析了曲笛的调式音阶、演奏技巧和音色特点,从而进一步总结了曲笛在昆曲中的运用,说明昆曲音乐与曲笛的密切合作是长期艺术实践的双向最佳选择。

Kun opera, which has a history of 600 years, is a living fossil in the history of opera, whose delicate musical style makes it unique in the Chinese traditional opera. Besides local humanities, geographical and historical factors, many other factors form the musical styles of Kun opera including in- struments concerned. The main accompaniment of Kun opera is Qu flute which has elegant and mellow tone and is close to musical style of Kun opera. When Qu flute accompanies with Kun opera, it fully em- bodies the advantages of itself. The fusion between Qu flute and Kun opera is good for respective devel- opment of artistic vitality. This paper, after illustrating the performance of traditional Qu flute in Kun opera, analyzes the tempered scale, playing skills and the elements of timbre. Furthermore, this paper summarizes the use of Qu flute in the application of Kun opera, which indicates that close cooperation between Kun opera and Qu flute is the best two--way selection in the long-term artistic practice.