颈丛阻滞心血管不良反应的研究现状

Research Status of Cardiovascular Adverse Reactions of Cervical Plexus Block

颈神经丛阻滞是临床上最为常用的麻醉方法之一,适用于颈部和肩部锁骨上窝区域的手术,具有安全、操作简便、效果确切、并发症少以及术中患者持有应答能力的特点,但常见镇痛不足、血压升高、心率增快等不良反应,可导致术中躁动、出血量增多甚至颅内出血等并发症。因而,临床上常尝试各种方法以提高其麻醉的安全性及有效性,主要是通过加强镇静、镇痛以及心血管药物的应用进行对症处理。

Cervical plexus block is one of the most commonly used local/regional anesthesia.It is applied to the neck and shoulder supraclavicular operations.It is a safe,simple and effective technique.Besides,it allows patients to keep awake throughout the surgery and avoid the undesirable side effects posed by general anesthesia.However,it often accompanies a series of adverse effects,including inadequate analgesia and an increase in blood pressure and heart rate,whereas these reactions may lead to the restlessness,bleeding,and even intracranial hemorrhage and other serious complications.Thus,the block is commonly supplemented with sedative,analgesic and cardiovascular drugs to improve its safety and effectiveness.