十堰地区儿童静脉血微量元素检测结果

Detection results of trace elements in venous blood of children in Shiyan area

目的:了解各年龄段儿童血清中微量元素的含量,为合理补充微量元素、防治Pb、Cd污染提供科学的理论依据。方法:918例0～12岁儿童按发育阶段分为4组,分别为婴儿组、幼儿组、学龄前组、学龄组,取静脉血,采用北京博晖的BH5100型原子吸收光谱仪检测全血Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg和Fe含量,BH2100型原子吸收光谱仪检测Pb和Cd含量。结果:各年龄组间Fe、Cd含量无统计学差异,而不同年龄组间Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Pb含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),Ca含量随着年龄的增加而降低,而Zn的含量随着年龄的增加而升高。Ca、Cu、Zn缺乏和高Pb率在各年龄组不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而Fe、Mg缺乏以及高Cd与年龄没有明显的关系,各年龄组之间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:十堰市儿童Ca、Zn、Fe缺乏普遍存在,Cu、Mg缺乏少见,存在一定程度的Pb污染,Cd污染程度较轻,需合理补充微量元素,预防Pb污染。

Objective：To understand the contents of trace elements in serum of children at all age groups, provide a theoretical basis for rational supplement of trace elements and prevention and treatment of Pb and Cd pollution.Methods：918 children under 12 years were divided into four groups according to their developmental stages： infants group, young children group, preschool children group and school children group, venous blood samples were obtained to detect the contents of Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg and Fe in whole blood by BH5100 atomic absorption spectrometer, BH2100 atomic absorption spectrometer was used to detect the contents of Pb and Cd.Results：There was no significant difference in contents of Fe and Cd among the four groups （P〉0.05）.There was significant difference in contents of Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn and Pb among the four groups （P〈0.01）, the content of Ca decreased with the increase of age, while the content of Zn increased with the increase of age; there was significant difference in incidences of Ca deficiency, Cu deficiency, Zn deficiency and lead poisoning among the four groups （P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference in incidences of Fe deficiency, Mg deficiency and Cd poisoning among the four groups （P〉0.05）.Conclusion：Ca deficiency, Zn deficiency and Fe deficiency are common diseases in children in Shiyan, the degree of Cd pollution is light, rational supplement of trace elements is important for prevention of Pb pollution.