婴儿家庭的人口学特征、社会支持和抚触应用调查

Investigation on demographic characteristics,social support and application of touching in babies

目的:了解婴儿抚触在社区的应用状况,探讨其影响因素,为社区婴儿卫生保健工作提供依据。方法:使用自行设计的问卷和社会支持评定量表,采用入户调查法,设抚触组和非抚触组行对比研究。结果:应用抚触者占29.29%,抚触组的父母亲文化程度、人均月收入、有培训经历和需要等方面得分高于非抚触组,非抚触组社会支持总分的均值低于抚触组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:婴儿家庭的不同人口社会学特征决定了不同的社会支持状况,同时也导致了抚触应用的不同情况。对抚触的认知、操作和应用能力是抚触在社区推广和应用的主要影响因素。正确评估婴儿抚触在社区的应用状况,提高认识和强化健康教育,形成科学的育儿理念,强化和拓宽社会支持网络,有效利用资源,加强培训和指导,提高应用水平,以实现促进婴幼儿健康的目的。

Objective：To understand the application status of infantile touching in community, explore the effect factors, provide a basis for health care of infants in community.Methods：A self-designed questionnaire and Social Support Rating Scale were used in the study, entering house survey method was adopted, the research objects were divided into touching group and untouching group for comparative study.Results：The application rate of touching was 29.29%, the educational levels of parents, average monthly income, training experience and demand of touching group were significantly higher than those of untouching group, the total score of social support in untouching group was significantly lower than that in touching group （P〈0.01）.Conclusion：The demographic characteristics determine the status of social support, which induce the different application status of touching; the main effect factors of popularization and application of touching in community were cognitive, operation and application abilities of touching; evaluating the application status of touching in community, improving cognition and strengthening health education, forming scientific conception of nursing infants, strengthening and widening the social support network, utilizing effective resources, enhancing training and guidance, improving application level may promote the health level of infants.