96例盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液预防化疗所致胃肠道反应临床试验的护理观察

The nursing observation of palonosetron hydrochloride injection preventing gastro- intestinal reaction caused by chemotherapy

目的观察盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液和盐酸格拉司琼对化疗引起恶心、呕吐的疗效。方法将96例接受含顺铂或表阿霉素化疗的患者随机分组，盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液试验组48例，盐酸格拉司琼对照组48例，观察两组患者化疗过程中的恶心、呕吐的发生情况。结果预防化疗所致呕吐的完全控制率，急性期内两组均为60．41％，延迟期内试验组和对照组分别是50．0％和45．83％，全呕吐期分别是45．83％和41．67％，试验组优于对照组，但均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）预防化疗所致恶心的完全缓解率，急性期内试验组和对照组为52．08％和43．75％；延迟期内分别是39．58％和33．33％（P〉0．05）；全周期试验组和对照组分别是35．42％和25．oo％，有统计学意义（P〈0．05），试验组明显优于对照组。结论盐酸帕洛诺司琼注射液对防止化疗引起的急性期呕吐、恶心效果与格拉司琼相当，对于延迟期呕吐、恶心效果优于格拉司琼，临床试验护理中，要注意及时、准确观察和记录恶心、呕吐的次数与程度，为客观评价临床试验结果提供完整材料。

Objective To observe the efficacy of palonosetron hydrochloride injection and granisctron hydrochloride preventing chemotherapy - induced nausea and vomitting. Methods A total of 96 patients who having been treated with cisplatin or pharmoruhicin were randomized into two groups, 48 subjects were assigned to receive intravenous palonosetron hydrocldoride, and 48 to be received granisetron hydreehloride. During the treatment period, chemotherapy - induced nausea or vomitting status were observed. Results The complete control rate in preventing chemotherapy induced vomiting of beth groups were 60. 41% in acute phase, and in delayed phase , the rate were 50. 0% and 45. 83% for trial group and control group, respectively. Although in consideration of full phase, trial group had the higher rate of complete control rate （45.83 percent）, and the rate were 41.67 percent in the control group, there was no statistical significance （P 〉 0. 05 ） . In acute phase, the complete remission rate in preventing chemotherapy induced nausea were 52.08% and 43.75% for trial group and con- trol group, respectively. And the respective rate in delayed phase was 50. 0% in trial group and 45.83% in control group （P 〉 0. 05 ） . The complete remission rate in full phase was 35.42% for trial group and 25.00% for control group. The trial group was superior to the control group （ P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusions Compared with granisetren, intravenous palonosetron hydrochloride has identical effect on the prevention of chemotherapy - induced nausea and vomiting in acute phase, and more effect in delayed phase.