煤矿巷道支护技术的研究与应用

Study and applications of roadway support techniques for coal mines

介绍了煤矿巷道支护类型,分析了巷道支护与围岩的相互作用关系,对目前主要的巷道支护理论进行了评价。着重介绍了锚杆支护成套技术,包括地质力学测试、锚杆支护设计、支护材料、施工机具与工艺、工程质量检测及矿压监测、特殊地质条件支护技术等。通过极软岩巷道与深部沿空留巷实例分析,介绍了锚杆支护的应用效果。实践表明:锚杆支护已经成为我国煤矿巷道首选的、安全高效的主要支护方式,显著提高了巷道支护效果,保证了采煤工作面的安全、快速推进,促进了煤炭产量的大幅度增长。

The roadway support forms in coal mines were introduced,the interaction between supports and rock surrounding roadways was analyzed,and the main roadway support theories were evaluated.The complete rock bolting technique was emphatically introduced,including geomechanics measurements,rock bolting design,bolting materials,construction implements and technologies,quality check and monitoring,support types for special geological conditions.The application effects were discussed on the basis of two case studies：a roadway with very soft surrounding rock,and a deep gob-side entry retaining.The practices pointed out that：rock bolting becomes the first and primary support type with high safety and efficiency for Chinese coal mines,which obviously improves roadway support effects,ensures safe and fast advance of coal faces,and brings about a great increase of coal output.