论《儒林外史》的人物塑造

On Characterization in the Scholars

在《儒林外史》中,吴敬梓以"功名富贵"为中心,采用了单点突出、定向发展的方法来刻画全书的主要人物。书中人物在对待功名富贵的向心或离心的变化中,受到一次次的检验,人物性格呈现出丰富的层次和有序的演进。这种人物的刻画方法与"功名富贵是全书的第一着眼处"的构思紧密相关;与"虽云长篇,颇同短制"的结构形式互为关联;也是夸张、讽刺的重要手段。

In his novel the Scholars（Ru lin Wai shi）,the author Wu Jingzi focuses on the theme of ＂fame and fortune＂,using the methods of single point highlighting and oriented developing to characterize the leading figures.These figures have been tested again and again on their psychological and mental changes either when drawing nearer to or when drifting apart from the ＂fame and fortune＂.This method of characterization is closely linked with the design of ＂fame and fortune is the first observation point of the book＂,and related to the structural feature of ＂although it＇s a full-length novel,but quite similar to a combination of short stories＂.It is also an important way of exaggeration and satirizing.