位于他国内水外国船舶上犯罪之管辖权

Jurisdiction of the crime committed on the ship located in other state's internal water

针对位于他国内水的外国船舶上的犯罪之管辖权问题,指出船旗国不能根据领土原则行使管辖权。沿海国对在本国内水的外国船舶上的犯罪拥有排他性的领土管辖权。一般而言,沿海国对于下列犯罪行使管辖权:一是沿海国国民犯罪或使该沿海国国民受到损害的犯罪;二是破坏沿海国安宁和安全的犯罪;三是违反沿海国有关检疫、入出境、海上安全、海关事务、水域污染或禁止贩毒的法律的行为或犯罪;四是其他性质严重犯罪。根据国际习惯法规则或双边领事条约的规定,对于轻微的不影响船舶以外秩序的犯罪,沿海国一般不行使管辖权,由船旗国管辖。

Focusing on the issue concerning the jurisdiction of the crime committed on the ship located in other state＇s internal water,the paper draws the following conclusion—flag states can＇t employ the territorial jurisdiction to exercise the jurisdiction of the crime and the coastal states,harbor States have the exclusive territorial jurisdiction of the crime committed in their internal water.In general,the oceanic coastal States can exercise their jurisdiction of the following crime——firstly,the crime committed by their citizen or the crime causing damage to their citizen,secondly,the crime causing damage to the oceanic coastal state＇s peace and security,third,the action and crime which violate the law concerning the quarantine,entry and exit of a country,security of the sea,customs affairs,water pollution or forbidden drug trade,fourth,other severe crimes.According to the international practice or bilateral consular treaty,flag states other than coastal states can exercise the jurisdiction to crime which is slight and does not affect the order outside the ship.