兽药残留对生态环境影响的研究进展

Advance in ecological environment impact of veterinary drug residues

从兽药在环境中的残留现状,兽药在环境中的迁移、蓄积、降解及其对动物、植物、微生物的影响等方面概述了兽药残留对生态环境影响的研究进展,在此基础上对今后兽药残留的研究重点进行了展望。指出,土壤吸附兽药并可能在植物、蚯蚓等生物体中蓄积,兽药对植物和土壤微生物的作用受药物种类、土壤类型等因素的影响,抗生素极易诱导产生大量耐药菌,并可能诱导土壤微生物产生群落抗性(PICT),将对包括人类在内的生态系统健康产生深远影响。

The research progress in ecological environmental impact of the veterinary drug residues was reviewed from the aspects of the environmental behavior of the veterinary drug residues such as transportation,accumulation and degradation and their influences on animals,plants and microorganisms,etc.The research priorities in the field of eco-toxicities of veterinary drug residues were prospected.It is pointed out that many veterinary drugs are adsorbed by soil and accumulated by plants,earthworms,and other organisms.The effects of veterinary drugs on plants and soil microbial community are mainly dependent on the properties of veterinary drugs and types of soil.The antimicrobials easily induce bacterial resistance and even pollution-induces community tolerance（PICT） in soil.So veterinary drug residues become long-term risks to ecosystem health including human beings.