2008-2009年广州市鼠疫宿主动物及媒介监测结果分析

Analysis on Surveillance of Plague Host Animals in Guangzhou City from 2008 to 2009

目的了解广州市鼠疫宿主动物及媒介的种群构成及数量分布情况,为鼠疫防治工作积累基础资料。方法采用夜笼法,对捕获鼠类及捡获蚤类进行鉴定,计算鼠密度;计算鼠带(染)蚤率和蚤指数;用鼠疫IHA法检测鼠疫F1抗体。结果捕获鼠形动物1890只,分属2目2科4属7种。其中啮齿目动物1 633只,食虫目动物157只,总鼠密度(捕获率)为11.97%,鼠密度(捕获率)为10.35%;在210只鼠形动物中发现染蚤鼠55只,捡获蚤126匹,鼠体表蚤经鉴定为印鼠客蚤、缓慢细蚤、适存病蚤;鼠染蚤率为26.19%,总蚤指数为0.60;黄胸鼠蚤指数为0.63;未查出鼠疫F1抗体。结论未发现鼠间鼠疫流行迹象,褐家鼠仍是广州市主要鼠种,主要蚤种是印鼠客蚤。

Objective To study composition and distribution of the host animals of plague in Guangzhou city.Methods Rodents were captured by cages and identified down to species,counted for flea index and tested for antibody of plague F1 by IHA.Results 1 890 rodents,including 1 633 rattus and 157 insectivora,were caught,which were belonged to 7 species,4 genera and 2 families.Total density of rodents and density of rattus was 11.97% and 10.35%,respectively.126 fleas were caught from 55 rattus among 210 rodents and they belonged to Xenopsylla cheopis.The total flea index was 0.60.No F1 antibody of plague was found.Conclusion The major rodent species and the dominant species in Guangzhou city was Rattus norvegicus and Xenopsylla cheopis,respectively.No epidemiological evidence of plague is found.