丙型病毒性肝炎母婴传播的现状、进展及未来

Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus: Present, Advance and Future

丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)可引起急性和慢性病毒性肝炎,可发展成肝纤维化、肝硬化,甚至肝细胞癌。HCV经典的传播途径为经血液或血液制品传播,但1992年后献血员HCV的筛检已使输血后肝炎大为减少。在发达国家,HCV传播途径正在发生改变,儿童非血液制品的丙肝日渐增多。母婴间宫内、分娩时及产后感染已成为当前及今后的重要研究课题。研究证实,HCV可经胎盘引起胎儿感染,宫内感染是HCV传播的一条重要途径。尽管人们对HCV母婴传播中所涉及的风险因素逐渐明确,但到目前为止对具体的传播机制和传播时机仍知之甚少。我们就丙型病毒性肝炎母婴传播的现状、进展及未来做简要综述。

Hepatitis C virus（HCV） can cause acute and chronic viral hepatitis which may develop into liver fibrosis,cirrhosis,and even hepatocellular carcinoma.The classical transmission source of HCV is through blood or blood products,but after the year 1992,screening of blood donors has led to a significant reduction of post-trans-fusion hepatitis.HCV transmission in developed countries is changing now,non-blood product caused hepatitis C increases dramatically.It has become an important issue of maternal intrauterine,during delivery and postnatal HCV infection.Current study has confirmed HCV infection in fetus via the placenta.Despite an increased under-standing of the risk factors involved in mother-to-infant transmission of HCV,to date little is known about the transmission mechanisms and the exact transmission timing.In this article,we reviewed the current advance on hepatitis C mother-to-child transmission.