富硒灵芝发酵培养工艺及产物抗氧化能力研究

Fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum for Selenium Enrichment and the Antioxidant Capability of the Protein Product

本文以亚硒酸钠为硒源,以灵芝为富硒载体,采用液体发酵方式进行富硒灵芝培养;主要研究了培养基中亚硒酸钠浓度对富硒灵芝的生物量及总硒含量的影响,并通过正交试验对富硒灵芝液体发酵培养工艺进行优化,此外还对富硒灵芝中四类不同性质的蛋白的抗氧化能力进行了初步探讨。结果表明:为获得最佳的富硒效果,发酵液中亚硒酸钠浓度在1000 mg/L左右为宜。接种量为12%,pH 8.0,摇床转速200 r/min为富硒灵芝发酵培养的最适工艺条件。碱溶性蛋白为富硒灵芝中含量最高一类蛋白,含量达到了8.64%;其次是水溶性蛋白,含量为6.64%;接下来是盐溶性蛋白,含量为4.62%;醇溶性蛋白的含量最低,含量仅有0.30%。但比较四类蛋白粗提物的硒含量,发现醇溶性蛋白的硒含量最高,达510.0 mg/g;其次是水溶性蛋白和碱溶性蛋白,硒含量分别为278.55 mg/g和115.51 mg/g;盐溶性蛋白的硒含量最低,为49.68 mg/g。考察四类灵芝蛋白粗提物的抗氧化能力,发现其抗氧化能力与其硒含量呈一定的正相关,醇溶性蛋白具有最高的抗氧化能力,其次是碱溶性蛋白和水溶性蛋白,盐溶性蛋白的抗氧化能力最低,且富硒样的抗氧化能力均高于相应的对照样。

In this study,the influence of Na2SeO3 in the liquid PDA medium on the selenium enrichment efficiency of Ganoderma lucidum was studied.The optimum fermentation conditions of the Ganoderma lucidum,as well as the anti-oxidation property of the proteins extracted from the Ganoderma lucidum was also studied.Results showed that the highest selenium contents was achieved with the concentration of Na2SeO3 in the liquid PDA medium being 1000 mg/L.And the optimized fermentation conditions for Ganoderma lucidum were： inoculums size 12%,pH8.0,and shaking speed 200 r/min.Four kinds of proteins（water soluble protein,alkali soluble protein,salt soluble protein and alcohol soluble protein） were extracted from the selenium enriched Ganoderma lucidum,among which the alcohol soluble protein had the highest selenium content of 510.0 mg/g,while salt soluble protein had the lowest selenium content of 49.68 mg/g.And the selenium contents of water soluble protein and alkali soluble protein were 278.55 mg/g and 115.51 mg/g,respectively.The antioxidant capacity of these proteins showed well relationships with the selenium content.