十七味清热类中药对乳牛乳腺炎病原菌体外抑菌活性的比较

In vitro comparison of antibacterial activities among 17 heat-clearing herbs against pathogenic bacteria from dairy cows with mastitis

采用琼脂平板二倍稀释法测定了黄连、黄芩、黄柏、牡丹皮、栀子和白薇等17味清热类药物对15个种属120株乳牛乳腺炎病原菌的最低抑菌浓度,统计分析了抑菌活性相对较强的黄连、黄芩、黄柏、苦参、秦皮和牡丹皮6味中药对葡萄球菌、链球菌、巨型球菌、芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌和单胞菌属等11个种属的MIC50和MIC90,并采用单因素方差分析法比较分析了这6味药物对同种属菌株抑菌活性的强弱。结果表明,椿皮、白鲜皮、玄参、生地黄、紫草、知母、栀子、决明子、白薇、龙胆草和穿心莲的体外抑菌活性相对较弱。黄连、黄芩、黄柏、苦参、秦皮和牡丹皮的抑菌活性相对较强,且以黄连的体外抑菌活性最强,其次为牡丹皮,再次为黄芩、苦参和黄柏,抑菌效果最差者为秦皮。

The agar dilution assay was used to test the minimal inhibitory concentration（MIC） of 17 heat-clearing herbs to 120 strain of pathogenic bacteria from dairy cows with mastitis.In order to compare antibacterial activity,one-factor analysis of variance,MIC50 and MIC90 were used for statistical analysis of 6 herbs with good antibacterial activity.The results showed that 11 herbs had low antibacterial activity,which included Rhizoma Anemarrhenae,Radix Scrophulariae,Semen Cassiae,Fructus Gardeniae,Radix Gentianae,Herba Andrographis,and so on.However,6 herbs had good antibacterial activity such as Rhizoma Coptidis,Cortex Moutan,Radix Scutellariae,Cortex Phellodendri,Radix Sophorae flavescentis and Cortex Fraxini.Among them,Rhizoma Coptidis had the strongest antibacterial effects,the second was Cortex Moutan,the third were Radix Scutellariae,Cortex Phellodendri and Radix Sophorae flavescentis,and Cortex Fraxini had the lowest antibacterial activity.