自然旅游地社区居民旅游发展期望与旅游影响感知对其旅游态度的影响--对中国九寨沟和英国NF国家公园的比较研究

Effect of residents' tourism development expectation and tourism impacts perception on their attitude towards tourism in natural tourist destination:A comparative study between China's Jiuzhaigou and the UK's New Forest National Parks

现有研究表明,旅游目的地社区居民的旅游影响感知会影响他们对旅游的态度;但鲜有研究去分析旅游地社区居民的旅游发展期望对居民旅游态度的影响。本文以中国九寨沟和英国New Forest国家公园为例,运用SPSS统计分析技术,分析了两地居民旅游发展期望与旅游影响感知特点及其对居民旅游态度的影响路径及可能原因。研究结论表明:(1)居民的旅游获益感知直接影响居民的旅游支持度;(2)目的地居民的旅游发展期望直接影响着居民的旅游影响感知,尤其是旅游获益感知;并通过旅游影响感知的中介作用,间接影响居民的旅游态度;(3)自然旅游地居民的旅游发展期望都很积极正面,并存在明显的文化差异;尽管两地居民的旅游获益感知均显著逊于其旅游发展期望,但两地居民并没有因为期望落差而对当地旅游开发持否定态度。

Local residents＇ perception of tourism impacts in tourist destinations has been found to affect their attitude towards tourism;however,there have been relatively few studies on the influence of residents＇ tourism development expectation on their attitude towards tourism.With the utilization of SPSS16.0 software,this paper,taking China＇s Jiuzhaigou and the UK＇s New Forest National Parks as case study areas,makes a comparative study on the influence of local residents＇ tourism development expectation and touirism impacts perception on their attitude towards tourism.And potentially possible reasons for the influence and the differences between these two cases have been conducted with a qualitative analysis.Some conclusions can be obtained as follows.（1） Local residents＇ tourism impacts perception,especially tourism benefit perception,directly influences their support of tourism development.（2） Tourism development expectation of local residents directly influences their tourism impacts perception,espetially their tourism benefit perception,and indirectly influences their attitude towards tourism development in the parks via the medium of tourism benefit perception.（3） Residents in both destinations hold positive tourism development expectation with minor differences between the two cases due to cultural differences.Tourism benefit perception of local residents in the two national parks is less and worse than their tourism development expectation,indicating that there is a great gap between their tourism development expectation and tourism impacts perception in these two case study areas.But the majority of local residents in these two parks still hold no negative attitude towards local tourism development in spite of the existing gap.