框架效应:情感的启发式

The Framing Effect:a Heuristic Method of Affect

通过测定13名大学生在完成框架效应问题时的事件相关电位(ERP),探讨了框架效应产生时的脑内时程动态变化。结果发现,无论是以反应时为因变量,还是以"确定"选项和"风险"选项的选择率为因变量,框架效应都存在。正面框架和负面框架诱发的ERP晚成分均表现出先有一个正走向的变化,在500ms左右达到峰顶后(P500),逐渐转变为负走向的变化趋势。在900～1200ms的时间窗口内,框架效应存在半球效应,在左半球有更大的激活。对差异波(负面框架减正面框架)的偶极子溯源分析结果显示,该成分主要起源于右脑的边缘叶(Li mbic Lobe)和扣带后回(posterior Cingulate:Brodmann area31),可能主要与情绪的评价有关,"正面框架"和"负面框架"表达了一种情感信息。结果进一步验证了决策的双加工理论。

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of the brain in the gain frame and in the loss frame by means of high-density ERP recording and dipole source analysis. in 13 normal college students participed. The behavioral results showed that response time and the choice types were significantly affected by the framing effect. The ERPs result revealed both the gaining frame description and losing frame description elicited a positive ERP deflection from 300 ms to 600 ms and at the top of the peak in the time window 500ms（P500）. In the time window of 900～1200ms,hemisphere superiority effect existed. The losing frame needs to pay more attention than the gaining frame. The left hemisphere has a greater activation,which indicated that the participants made an analytic processing style. Dipole source analysis for the difference wave （gaining frame minus losing frame） from 900ms to 1200ms indicated that a generator was localized in the posterior cingulate cortex （BA 31）,possibly related to emotion rating function. Gaining frame and losing frame like as an affect heuristic. Our results verified the dual process theory of decision.