心理量表编制中的若干问题及题解

Some Problems and Their Solutions in the Development of Mental Scales

编制量表探查心理特质是心理学研究中最常用的方法。量表编制在项目删除、探索性与验证性因素分析的运用、二阶因素探索性分析、验证性因素分析中观察变量的水平、量表测量等价性检验等方面存在若干问题。针对这些问题,依次提出了两阶段删除项目法、二阶因素模型探索性分析法、探索性与验证性因素分析交互作用法、验证性因素分析中项目包技术、量表跨组等价性检验的MACS法。

To develop scales for exploring mental traits is the most commonly used method in psychological research. There are several problems in scale development：（1） item deleting; （2） the use of Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis;（3） exploratory analysis of the second factor structure;（4） the level of observed variables in confirmatory factor analysis ;（5）the measurement invariance test of a scale. According to the problems,the article presents the solutions sequentially：（1） the two-stage item-deleting method; （2） the Exploratory second-order factor analysis method; （3） the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis interaction method; （4）I tem parceling technique in executing confirmatory factor analysis; （5） MASC methods for scale measurement invariance test.