刺桐姬小蜂在五(品、变)种刺桐属植物上的危害特性及程度

Occurrence and damage characteristics of gall wasp (Quadrastichus erythrinae) on five Erythrina species

针对深圳市梧桐山林场、福田区新洲滨河立交、笔架山公园等不同生境5(品、变)种刺桐属植物(刺桐东方变种、金脉刺桐、本地刺桐、龙牙花刺桐、鸡冠刺桐)上刺桐姬小蜂的危害特点及发生情况进行调查。结果表明:刺桐姬小蜂危害最严重的是刺桐东方变种及金脉刺桐,龙牙花刺桐受轻微的危害,本地种刺桐和鸡冠刺桐完全不受害。此外,在刺桐东方变种不同方位树冠中,树冠东边的叶片3级危害百分比值较大,树冠东边与中部的危害指数差异显著;在刺桐东方变种和金脉刺桐的树冠上、中、下3个层次中,以树冠中上部的叶片整体受害较为严重。

This paper investigated the occurrence and damage characteristics of erythrina gall wasp （Quadrastichus erythrinae） on five Erythrina species （E. variegate var. orientalis, E. variegate var. orientalis cv. golden vein, E. corallodendron, E. variegate, and E. cristagalli） in Wutong Mountain Forest Farm, Binzhou Crossroads of Xinzhou Futian District, and Bijia Hill Park in Shenzhen. Among the five Erythrina species, E. variegate var. orientalis and E. variegate var. orientalis cv. golden vein were seriously damaged by Q. erythrinae, E. corallodendron was damaged slightly, while native species E. variegate and E. cristagalli were not damaged. At different positions of E. variegate var. orientalis canopy, the leaves at east position had a higher percentage of damage grade III, and their injured index was significantly different from that of the leaves at mid position. In the canopies of E. variegate var. orientalis and E. variegate var. orientalis cv. golden vein, Q. erythrinae preferred the upper leaves.