生物多样性与生态系统稳定性研究进展

Research advances on biodiversity and ecosystem stability

生物多样性和生态系统稳定性之间的关系是生态学的热门话题。围绕这一主题,文章回顾了其研究历史及学术界的不同观点,阐述了目前在理论和实验领域的主要工作结果、研究进展和存在问题。理论方面,由于生物多样性和生态系统稳定性的概念是复杂而多层面的,导致二者之间的关系仍然是复杂多样的。实验方面,已有实验仅仅强调了少数几种类型的多样性和稳定性,对多样性—稳定性关系的揭示有限。在生物多样性和生态系统功能的研究中,重要的不只是结论,还应包括其中所隐含的机制。未来的主要挑战是搞清生物多样性动态、生态系统过程和无机因子如何相互作用。

The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability is a hot subject in ecological science. Focused on this issue, the research history and different academic viewpoints were reviewed, and the achievements in the theoretical and experimental fields as well as the existing problems were elaborated. In terms of theoretical study, the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability is complicated, because the concepts of the two are multifold. In terms of experimental study, the existing research results only emphasize a few types of diversity and ecosystem stability, and rarely uncover the mechanisms responsible for ecosystem stability. In the studies of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, the important problem is not merely the conclusions, but also the mechanisms hidden behind. A major future challenge is to understand how the biodiversity dynamics, ecosystem processes, and abiotic factors interact.