生育力男性精液检测与计算机辅助分析参数的主成分分析

A principal component analysis on semen characteristics of fertile males measured by computer assisted semen analysis

目的对生育力男性进行精子形态学分析和精子存活率检测以及计算机辅助精液分析系统（CASA）分析的检测结果进行主成分分析，探讨能综合反映生育力男性精液质量的指标，并对其影响因素进行评估。方法招募有近期怀孕史夫妇的丈夫，进行问卷调查、体格检查和精液分析。精液分析包括精子形态学分析、存活率检测和CASA分析，资料分析方法采用描述性分析、相关分析和主成分分析等。结果288名生育力男性精液检测指标数值如下：总精子数（X1）为（186±2）×10^6，ml，活动率（X2）为（65±15）％，正常形态精子百分比（X3）为（29±13）％，存活率（X4）为（76±1）％，畸形精子指数（TZI，X5）为1．15±1．10，精子畸形指数（SDI，X6）为（1．04±0．11），曲线速度（VCL，X7）为（48．62±15．50），直线速度（VSL，Xs）为（24．54±9．16），平均路径速度（VAP，X9）为（32．54±11．05），精子头侧摆幅度（ALH，X10）为（49．90±7．93），鞭打频率（BCF，X11）为（7．32±2．01）和圆细胞浓度（X12）为（6．58±5．64）。主成分分析第一主成分函数Z1=-0．067 X1＋0．477 X2＋0．161 X3＋0．788 X4＋0．621 X5＋0．482 X6＋0．602 X7＋0．576 X8＋0．604 X9＋0．673 X10＋0．736 X11—0．071 X12＋5．581，与其关系密切的是活动率、存活率、VCL、VSL、VAP、ALH和BCF；主成分分析第二主成分函数Z2=0．414 X1＋0．901 X2＋0．332 X3＋0．363 X4．0．403 X5-0．539 X6．0．003 X7—0．316X8—0．130 X9．0．088 X10—0．900 X11＋0．537 X12＋0．170，与其关系密切的是总精子数、活动率、正常形态精子百分比和圆细胞浓度.主成分分析第三主成分函数Z3—0．066 X1-0．095 X2-0．042 X3—0．017 X4＋6．210 X5＋5．143 X6＋0．097 X7＋0．094 X8＋0．106 X9＋0．038 X10＋0．197 X11＋0．020 X12＋11．684，与其关系密切的是TZI和SDI。结论在本研究中，12个精液分析检测指标经过t成分分析提取为3个主成分综合指标，分别反映了精子运动能力、有效精子总数和精于畸形状况。翠丸总体积与第一主成分得分正相天，显示体积越大，精子运动能力较强。禁欲时间和挈丸总体积与第二主成分得分正相关，显示有效精子总数较多。年龄影响第三主成分得分，年龄越大，精子畸形程度越高。

Objective To investigate the aggregative indexes reflecting the semen quality of those fertile men through a principal component analysis on semen characteristics, which were measured by sperm morphology evaluation, vitality test and computer assisted semen analysis（CASA）. Methods Semen samples were donated by males whose spouse was recently proved to be pregnant. Semen analysis was performed including sperm morphology evaluation, vitality test and CASA. The physical examination and questionaire were also done for each participant. Descriptive, correlation and principal component analyses were used for data mining. Results For semen analysis of 288 men, total sperm count was （186±2）106/ml, rate of motility （65±15）%, the percentage of normal morphology （29±13）%, the rate of vitality （76±1）%, teratozoospermia index 1.15±1.10, sperm deformity index 1.04±0.11, curvilinear velocity （VCL） 48.62±15.50, velocity straight line（VSL） 24.54±9.16, velocity average path （VAP） 32.54±11.05, Lateral head displacement （ALH） 49.90±7.93, Beat-cross frequency （BCF） 7.32±2.01, and the concentration of round cells 6.58±5.64. The first principal component function was Z1 =-0.067 X1＋ 0.477 X2＋0.161 X3＋ 0.788 X4＋0.621 X5＋0.482 X6＋ 0.602 X6＋ 0.576 X7＋ 0.604 X8＋ 0.673 X10＋ 0.736 X10＋ 0.071 X12＋5.581, which was closely related to motility（X2）, vitality（X4）, VCL（X7）, VSL （Xs）, VAP（Xg）, ALH（X10） and BCF（X11）; The second principal component function was Z2 =0.414 X1＋ 0.901 X2＋0. 332 X3＋0.363 X4- 0.403 X4- 0.539 X5- 0.003 X7- 0.316 X8-0.130 X8- 0.088 X10- 0.900 X11＋ 0.537 X12 ＋0.170, which was significantly related to total sperm count（X1）, motility（X2）, percentage of normal morphology（X3） and the concentration of round cells（X12）,namely the total valid sperm count. The third principal component functionwasZ3 =-0.066 Xi-0.095 X2-0.042 X3-0.017 X4 ＋6.210 X5 ＋5.143 X6＋0.097 X7＋0.094 X8＋ 0.106 X8＋ 0.038 X10＋ 0.197 X10＋ 0.020 X12＋11.684, which was associated with TZI（X5） and SDI（X6）. Conclusion In this study, three aggregative indexes were summarized from the total 12 semen characteristicses by the principal component analysis, reflecting the sperm motility capability, total valid sperm count and the state of sperm paramorphia, respectively. Total testicular volume had a positive corre- lation with score of the first principal component. The bigger the total testicular was, the more powerful motility the sperm had. Total testicular volume and abstinence period were positively correlated to the score of second principal component. Bigger volume and longer abstinence period idicated much more valid total sperm count. Age affected the third principal component. The elder male had a higher percentage of sperm abnormality.