建鲤对7种饲料原料中营养物质的表观消化率

Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Seven Kinds of Feed Ingredients for Jian Carp(Cyprinus carpio var.Jian)

本试验旨在研究建鲤(Cyprinus carpiovar.Jian)对鱼粉、肉骨粉、豆粕、花生粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕和玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)7种常用饲料蛋白质原料中干物质、粗蛋白质、氨基酸、总磷和总能的表观消化率。营养物质表观消化率采用基础饲料(基础饲料Ⅰ、Ⅱ)和试验饲料(按基础饲料和待测原料7?3的比例配制)测定,以0.5%的三氧化二铬(Cr2O3)为外源指示剂。选用平均体重为(200.0±4.7)g的建鲤240尾,随机分为8组,每组3个重复,每个重复10尾。从8组中随机选取1组为对照组,饲喂基础饲料;其余为试验组,饲喂试验饲料。试验分为2个阶段,第1阶段(1～4周)采用基础饲料Ⅰ,用于干物质、粗蛋白质、氨基酸和总能表观消化率的测定;第2阶段(5～8周)采用基础饲料Ⅱ,用于总磷表观消化率的测定。结果表明,各试验原料的干物质表观消化率在35.44%～71.10%之间,其中花生粕和豆粕的干物质表观消化率(分别为71.10%和65.15%)显著高于其他原料(P<0.05)。各试验原料的粗蛋白质表观消化率在60.31%～88.75%之间,其中豆粕的粗蛋白质表观消化率最高,而最低的为玉米DDGS,并且豆粕和花生粕的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于其他原料(P<0.05)。本研究中总磷的表观消化率相对较低,最高的为玉米DDGS(38.69%),最低的为肉骨粉(6.52%)。从总体上来看,鱼粉、豆粕和花生粕的单个氨基酸及总氨基酸的表观消化率均处在较高水平,而肉骨粉和玉米DDGS的单个氨基酸及总氨基酸的表观消化率均处在较低水平。由此可知,对建鲤而言,豆粕和花生粕是较好的植物性蛋白质原料。

Apparent digestibility of dry matter（DM）,crude protein（CP）,amino acid（AA）,total phosphorus（TP） and gross energy（GE） of fish meal,meat and bone meal,soybean meal,peanut meal,rapeseed meal,cottonseed meal and corn distillers dried grains with solubles（DDGS） was determined for Jian carp（Cyprinus carpio var.Jian）.Apparent digestibility of nutrients was determined using basal diets（basal diets Ⅰ and Ⅱ） and test diets（70% basal diets plus 30% determined ingredients） containing 0.5% chromic oxide as an inert marker.Two hundred and forty Jian carp with the average body weight of（200.0±4.7） g were randomly divided into 24 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 fish per replicate.One control group randomly selected from the 8 ones was fed basal diet,while other experiment groups were fed experimental diets.The experiment was divided into 2 stages： in the first stage,the apparent digestibility of DM,CP,AA and GE was determined by basal diet Ⅰ;in the second stage,the apparent digestibility of TP was determined by basal diet Ⅱ.The results showed as follows： the apparent digestibility of DM of the experimental ingredients ranged from 35.44% to 71.10%,and the apparent digestibility of DM of peanut meal and soybean meal was higher than that of the other feed ingredients（P0.05）.The apparent digestibility of CP of the experimental ingredients ranged from 60.31%（corn DDGS） to 88.75%（soybean meal）,and the apparent digestibility of CP of peanut meal and soybean meal was higher than that of the other feed ingredients（P0.05）.The apparent digestibility of TP in this study was relatively lower with the highest value observed in corn DDGS（38.69%） and the lowest value observed in meat and bone meal（6.52%）.On the whole,apparent digestibility of individual AA and total AA of fish meal,soybean meal and peanut meal was in a higher level and that of meat and bone meal and corn DDGS was in a lower level.The results of this study indicate that peanut meal and soybean meal are good protein sources for Jian carp.