北京山区果园生态系统消解畜禽粪便的服务功能及其价值分析——以北京市平谷区果园为例

The Eco-economic Value of the Digestion of Livestock Manure Service of Orchard Eco-systems in Beijing Mountain Area: a Case Study of Orchard in Pinggu of Beijing

山区面积占北京市土地总面积的62%,主要担负着北京的生态屏障功能,而山区经济的发展是山区生态功能发挥的有力保障,果树产业的健康发展是协调二者关系的有效途径。因此,文章以北京市平谷区为例,在分析历年畜禽养殖量及粪便排泄量的基础上,针对果园生态系统的废物处理功能及其经济价值进行了估算,以期为果树产业的健康发展提供依据。结果表明,平谷区畜禽养殖规模发展较快,2006年畜禽粪便的排泄量已达133.86万t;而果园生态系统在对畜禽粪便的消纳方面发挥了较大的作用,果园生态系统消纳畜禽粪便的物质量已经由1997年的24.52万t增加到2006年的52.42万t,消纳量增加了98%,平均每公顷果园每年消纳畜禽粪便166t猪粪当量。消纳畜禽粪便的生态服务价值逐年递增,到2006年已达43 620.35万元(2008年现价),与1997年相比增加了21 549.81万元(2008年现价)。

Ecological function is the primary demand to mountain area of Beijing, which shares 62% portion of the total land area. To guarantee the ecological function, development of the local economy is necessary. Fruit industry should be the direction of economic development in mountain area, for it could coordinate these two aspects. In order to provide the theoretical basis for the fruit industry healthy development, the eco-economic value of the digestion of livestock manure service of orchard ecosystems had been estimated, which based on the analysis of the quantity livestock and manure in past years. The results showed the farming scale of livestock was developed rapidly; the excretion of livestock was 133.86 million tons in 2006. The orchard ecosystem played a great role in the digestion of livestock and poultry manure. The digestion of livestock manure was 24.52 X 104tons to 52.42 X 104 tons from 1997 to 2006 in orchard ecosystem, the digestion was increased by 98% in 2006. It is 166t per hectare that the orchard digested livestock manure every year .The value of the digestion of livestock manure service was increased year by year. The value reached 43 620.35 million Yuan （2008 prices） in 2006, which compared with 1997, the value increase of 21 549.81 million Yuan （200819rices）.