8种茎叶处理除草剂对棉田杂草的防除效果

Control Efficacy of Eight Foliar Herbicides on Cotton Field Weed

[目的]为了筛选防除黄河流域棉区棉田杂草的理想药剂，采用茎叶喷雾法对8种棉田常用茎叶处理除草剂进行了田间药效试验。【结果】10．8％高效氟吡甲禾灵EC、15％精吡氟禾草灵EC、10％精喹禾灵EC和6．9％精嘿唑禾草灵EW对棉田常见禾本科杂草的防效明显，田间分别按照81、180、90、82．8ga．i．／hm。使用后，药后30d的株防效可达80％以上，鲜质量防效高达98％以上；而75％嘧硫草醚WG、20％百草枯AS、41％草甘膦异丙胺盐AS、75％三氟啶磺隆钠盐wP能显著地抑制阔叶杂草的生长。[结论]若棉田以禾本科杂草为主，可以选用10．8％高效氟吡甲禾灵EC、15％精吡氟禾草灵EC、10％精喹禾灵EC和6．9％精嚼唑禾草灵EW，于杂草2—3叶期进行茎叶喷雾；若田间阔叶杂草发生较重，可用20％百草枯AS或41％草甘膦异丙胺盐AS进行行间定向喷雾处理。

[Aims] In order to screen effective herbicides against cotton field weed in Yellow River areas, control effect trails were carried out using foliar spray application test with eight commonly used foliar herbicides in cotton field. [Results] Excellent gramineous weed control effect could be obtained with haloxyfop-P-methyl 10.8% EC, fluazifop-P- butyl 15% EC, quizalofop-P-ethyl 10% EC and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 6.9% EW. After 30 days spraying at the concentration of 81, 180, 90 and 82.8 g a.i./ha respectively, the plant control effect was over 80% and the fresh weight control effect over 98%. However, pyrithiobac-sodium 75% WG, paraquat 20% AS, glyphosate isopropylamine salt 41% AS and trifloxysulfuron sodium 75% WP could significantly control broadleaf weeds. [Conclusions] If there were more gramineous weed in cotton field, haloxyfop-P-methyl 10.8% EC, fluazifop-P-butyl 15% EC, quizalofop-P-ethyl 10% EC and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 6.9% EW could be used at the weeds 2 to 3 leaf stage by foliar spraying. When weed community consisted mostly of broadleaf weeds, directional spraying could be carried out with paraquat 20% AS or glyphosate isopropylamine salt 41% AS.