某锗提取项目职业病危害识别及关键控制点分析

Identification and Analysis of Critical Control Points of Occupational Hazards for Germanium Extraction Project

目的识别、分析和评价某锗业公司锗提取项目产生的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,分析职业病危害的关键控制点,并提出合理可行的职业病防护对策。方法通过现场调查和工程分析,识别生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素的种类及环节,并进行检测。结果该公司生产过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素为有毒物质(氮氧化物、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氨、盐酸)、粉尘(煤尘、矽尘)、物理因素(噪声、高温)。经现场检测,有毒物质合格率为92.8%、粉尘合格率为73.3%、噪声合格率为100.0%、高温合格率为100.0%。结论该项目粉尘危害的关键控制点为炉渣口、炉顶、电除尘卸灰间、除尘沉降室;毒物危害的关键控制点为锅炉下料巡检位。

Objective To identify,analyze,and evaluate occupational hazard factors and risk degree,analyze critical control points of occupational hazards,and make reasonable occupational protection measures.Methods Through the field investigaiton and engineering analysis,categories and links of occupational hazards were identified in the production process.Results Occupational hazards included toxic substances（nitrogen oxides,sulphur dioxide,carbon monoxide,ammonia and hydrochloric acid）,dust（coal dust and silica dust）,physical agents（noise and high temperature）.Qualified rates of toxic substances,dust,noise and high temperature were 92.8%,73.3%,100.0 and 100.0%,respectively.Conclusion Critical control points of dust were the postions of slag estuary,top ESP,unloading,dust settling chamber;critical control points of toxic hazards were boiler feed polling places.