翻译测试中的理论与实践问题

Translation Testing:Some Theoretical and Practical Issues

本文首先从理论上探讨翻译测试的分类及性质,分析翻译测试的构念,然后通过比较国内外翻译测试在侧重与方式上的异同,重点讨论翻译测试设计实施过程中的考试方式、试题编制、评分方式等环节,认为翻译测试的设计应明确测试的构念,即"何为翻译能力",并根据不同的测试目的,选择直接或间接的考试方式,选取待译文本,确定其难度和文本特征以及适合的评分方式。

Following a theoretical investigation of categories and nature of translation tests, this paper discusses the notion of ＂construct＂ in translation testing. A comparison is then made between translation tests at home and abroad, revealing differences in both test constructs and test design, the latter involving issues such as selection of test methods, translation tasks and scoring methods. This paper then argues that in developing a translation test the construct, or ＂translation competence＂ in this case, together with the purpose of the test, should be clearly defined and test methods, specific translation tasks and scoring methods selected accordingly.