基于实测的燃煤电厂汞排放特性分析与研究

Mercury Emission Characteristics from Coal-Fired Power Plants Based on Actual Measurement

选取我国6个有代表性的燃煤电厂进行现场实测,依据现场监测的汞排放浓度数据计算得出每个燃煤电厂汞的脱除率和汞平均排放因子,从而得出这6个燃煤电厂汞排放特性,为将来我国汞排放控制提供支持和依据.6个燃煤电厂的汞排放浓度为4.72～14.54μg/m3,汞脱除效率为20.89%～70.63%,汞排放因子为14.09～56.08μg/(kW.h).将6个燃煤电厂汞的排放特性与美国燃煤电厂汞的排放特性比较,得到烟气中汞的排放浓度远大于美国的排放浓度,汞脱除率远小于美国国家标准所要求的脱除率.分析得到汞平均排放因子随装机规模、发电负荷增大呈变小的趋势,通过综合模拟给出燃煤电厂汞平均排放因子和机组装机容量、发电负荷、煤中含汞量、除尘、脱硫设备运行水平等因子的函数关系.

To sample and test mercury emission characteristics in different power plants, six representative coal-fired power plants were selected. And based on the data of mercury emission concentration from actual measurement, mercury removal rate and mercury average emission factor of every plant can be calculated, and mercury emission characteristics about every level capacity can be given, so as to provide support and foundation for the mercury control in China. The mercury emission concentration is about 4. 72- 14. 54μg/m^3, mercury removal rate is about 20. 89%-70. 63% , and mercury average emission factor is about 14.09-56. 08 μg/（kW.h）. To compare the mercury emission characteristics with mercury emission characteristics from coal-fired power plants in USA, it is shown that the concentration of mercury emission from coal-fired power plants in China is far higher than those in USA, and the mercury removal rate is much lower than removal rate required by American national standard. To get conclusion that mercury average emission factor can come down with installed capacity and power generation load went up. And the function relation have been provided through comprehensive simulation between mercury average emission factor and installed capacity, generation load, mercury content in coal, the environmental protection equipment running level, and so on.