国内外渣油加氢处理技术发展现状及分析

Development of residuum hydroprocessing technologies

渣油加氢技术在原油劣质化和产品清洁化交互推动下,正逐步成为炼厂最主要的渣油加工技术手段,并得到了快速的发展。本文重点分析了几类主要的渣油加氢技术的发展现状及其应用特点,探讨了这些技术的发展趋势。从实际应用的角度出发,认为固定床渣油加氢工艺仍将是今后一个时期发展的重点,但技术上要突破加工更劣质渣油和延长运行周期的瓶颈;沸腾床渣油加氢工艺有非常好的应用前景,在解决了投资高和操作复杂的限制后,可以成为与固定床渣油加氢相互结合的渣油加工技术方案;悬浮床渣油加氢工艺对于处理非常劣质的超重稠油将有着明显的应用优势。

Driven by inferior crude oil supply and strict product specifications,residuum hydroprocess is gradually becoming a major upgrading process and being quickly developed.The development status,its application characteristics and its development trend are discussed.It is believed from the application viewpoint that the fix bed process will still be the major selection by the industry,but how to process more inferior feedstock and extend its on-through time are the technical problems to be resolved.The ebullated bed process has very good application future and can be a good combination method with fix bed process if its high investment and operating difficulties can be resolved.The slurry bed process has its unique advantages while treating the ultra heavy crude.