明代卫所屯田制与贵州地方经济发展:基于发展经济学的视角

Army's Engagement in Farming of Ming Dynasty and Development of Guizhou Local Economy:Based on Development Economics

明代卫所屯田制自实施后,通过在土地资本、农业技术、劳动力、产权制度等方面的变革带动了贵州地方经济的发展,客观上传播了中原农业先进技术,带来了较为发达的手工业技术、引进了先进的商业文化、加快了封建地主制生产关系的形成,促进了地方经济的快速发展,解决了当地军粮供应,减轻了中央财政负担和地方百姓的赋税压力。贵州卫所屯田制是推动贵州农业经济发展的重要制度,它的实施是贵州地方经济发展的历史转折点。

Based on the fact of army＇ s engagement in farming of Ming Dynasty, this paper analyzes the effects of army＇ s engagement in farming on the development of Guizhou economy, by means of implementing the policy of the army＇ s engagement in fanning, the change in the area of the land, agricultural technology, labor and the property right, promoting the advanced technology from the middle, bringing boosted handcrafts, introducing advanced business culture, quickening the formation of the system of Fengjian landlords, stimulating fast development of Guizhou local economy, solving the supply for the local army, and alleviating the tax burden for central government and the general public. The army＇ s engagement is an important institution to enhance agricultural economy in Guizhou and also a turning point for the development of Guizhou local economy.