沧州市碘盐覆盖率较低地区重点人群碘营养监测与评价

Analysis on iodine nutrition status of the target population in low iodized salt coverage rate areas in Cangzhou City

目的调查沧州市碘盐覆盖率较低地区重点人群碘营养状况,为调整和完善碘缺乏病防治措施提供依据。方法在沧州市碘盐覆盖率〈80%的县开展调查,共涉及4个县（市）、区。每个县随机抽取3个乡,每个乡抽取2所小学,每所小学检测40名8-10岁学生尿碘含量及其家中食用盐碘含量,采集小学所在村居民饮用水进行水碘含量检测,每村抽取10名育龄妇女测定其尿碘浓度。结果 4个县（市）、区共采集水样32份,水碘范围为10.4-272.7μg/L,碘盐覆盖率39.7%（376/947）;采集儿童尿样939份,儿童尿碘范围为15.4-1 088.0μg/L,尿碘中位数为177.8μg/L;采集妇女尿样248份,尿碘中位数为173.5μg/L;东光县两组人群尿碘中位数最高,分别为251.8μg/L和273.8μg/L,河间两组人群尿碘中位数最低,分别为130.8μg/L和118.7μg/L。水碘与儿童尿碘水平成正相关。结论水碘在碘盐覆盖率较低地区是影响人群尿碘水平的主要因素,被调查县（市）、区儿童和育龄妇女的碘营养处于适宜水平,但是有的乡（镇）儿童可能存在碘缺乏。

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status of the target population living in areas with low coverage rate of iodized salt and to provide a basis to prevent and control iodine deficiency.Methods Investigation was carried out in 4 counties with coverage rate of iodized salt below 80%.3 towns were sampled by sampling method in every county and two primary schools were surveyed every town.40 students aged from 8 to 10 years old were chosen to collect their urine and salt samples in each school.10 pregnant women＇s urine were tested for content of iodine in the site of school.Results 32 water samples were determined and the water iodine ranged from 10.4 μg/L to 272.7 μg/L.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 39.7%（376/947）.A total of 939 children＇s urine samples were collected.The content of urine iodine ranged from 15.4 μg/L to 1 088.0 μg/L and the urinary median iodine was 177.8 μg/L.248 women urine samples were collected and the urinary median iodine was 173.5 μg/L.The iodine level of Dongguang was the highest in 4 countries,while Hejian was the lowest.Correlation was significant between water iodine and urine iodine at the 0.05 level.Conclusions The water iodine was the major factor that affected the level of urine iodine in areas with low coverage of iodized salt.Although the iodine nutrition of children and pregnant women was appropriate in 4 counties,the iodine deficiency probably existed in a few towns.