纳络酮早期干预对大鼠弥漫性轴索损伤的影响

Curative effects of naloxone administered early after the injury on diffuse axonal injury in rats

目的观察纳络酮早期干预对大鼠实验性弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)的治疗效果。方法采用改良Marmarou的方法制作大鼠颅脑DAI模型。将Wister雄性大鼠99只随机分为对照(假损伤)组、损伤组和干预组,干预组用纳络酮2mg/kg于伤后45min腹腔一次性注射给药,于伤后2、6、24、72h观察动物行为、脑组织含水量及组织病理学变化。结果损伤组大鼠伤后2、6、24、72h,行为学评分(满分为21.00±0.00分)分别为(9.05±1.52)、(12.12±1.41)、(17.23±1.34)和(19.36±0.92)分;干预组各时间点分别为(9.32±1.23)、(14.48±1.54)、(18.68±1.09)和(20.18±0.75)分;其中干预组伤后6和24h与损伤组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。对照组24h脑组织含水量测定结果为(78.19±0.35)%;伤后2、6、24、72h脑组织含水量,损伤组分别为(79.91±0.18)%、(80.70±0.49)%、(81.69±0.40)%和(80.32±0.42)%;干预组分别为(79.22±0.33)%、(79.59±0.46)%、(80.44±0.49)%和(79.50±0.44)%。同损伤组比较,干预组致伤6h后脑含水量均明显减轻(P<0.01)。干预组光镜下病理损害明显减轻。结论纳络酮伤后早期干预,有助于减轻大鼠DAI后继发性脑损害。

Objective To observe the curative effects of naloxone administered early after the injury on diffuse axonal injury （DAI） in rats. Methods Ninety-nine Wistar rats were randomly divided into control （sham injury） group （n=11）, injury group （n=44） and treatment group （n=44, 2.0mg/kg of naloxone were intraperitoneally injected 45 minutes after the injury）. The animals in the injury and treatment groups were randomly redivided in 4 subgroups of 11 rats each according to the time when the animals were sacrificed after the injury. The DAI models were made by modified Marmarou＇s method. The neurological score （NS）, the brain water content and the pathological changes were observed 2, 6, 24 and 72 hours after the injury in rats. Results NS was significantly higher in the control group than that in the treatment group （P〈0.01） where NS was significantly higher than that in the injury group 6, 24 and 72 hours after the injury （P〈0.05）. The brain water content was significantly lower in the control group than that in the treatment group （P〈0.01） where the brain water content was significantly lower than that in the injury group 6, 24 and 72 hours after the injury （P〈0.05）. The pathological changes were significantly relieved in the treatment group compared to that in the injury group. Conclusion The secondary cerebral damage may be significantly relieved by using high dose of naloxone early after the injury in the rats with DAI.