术前口服葡萄糖水对肠道手术围手术期胰岛素抵抗及血浆蛋白的影响

Effects of preoperative oral glucose on perioperative insulin resistance and plasma proteins of intestinal surgery

目的 探讨术前口服葡萄糖水对肠道手术围手术期食管下段pH值、胰岛素抵抗及血浆蛋白的影响.方法 将2008年1-12月间择期行结直肠肿瘤根治手术的60例患者按随机数据表法随机分为糖水组、蒸馏水组及禁食组,每组20例 研究过程中有4例退出试验,最终3组患者分别为19例、19例和18例.糖水组术前晚口服12.5%的葡萄糖溶液800 ml,麻醉诱导前2 h再口服12.5%的葡萄糖溶液200 ml：蒸馏水组术前晚口服蒸馏水800 ml,麻醉诱导前2 h再口服蒸馏水200 ml 禁食组术前常规禁食8～12 h.手术采用静吸复合硬膜外麻醉维持,监测插管及拔管时食管下段pH值 术前及术后第1、3、7天测定白蛋白、转铁蛋白、前白蛋白以及血胰岛素、空腹血糖.结果 糖水组、蒸馏水组和禁食组患者围术期食管下段pH值分别为8.05±0.43、7.98±0.41和7.94±0.41,均未出现食管酸性反流（P＞0.05）.术后第1天糖水组血胰岛素水平为（16.32±16.11）μU/L,低于蒸馏水组的（30.65±41.74）μU/L和禁食组的（34.01±52.91）μU/L 胰岛素抵抗指标（log HOMA-IR）为0.491±0.345,低于蒸馏水组的0.589±0.565和禁食组的0.596±0.632 上述差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.术后第3天和第7天禁食组血转铁蛋白低于另外两组,术后第3天禁食组血白蛋白低于另外两组,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.结论 禁水时间缩短至术前2 h并不增加麻醉诱导插管或拔管时食管反流的概率 术前口服葡萄糖水可减轻患者肠道手术后胰岛素抵抗及蛋白质分解.

Objective To investigate the effects of oral intake of glucose solution before surgery on the pH at the lower esophagus,perioperative blood glucose level,and plasmic protein in patients undergoing radical resection for colorectal cancer.Methods Between January 2008 and December 2008,60 patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal cancer were enrolled and randomized into three groups using the table of random digits.Four patients were withdrawn from the study.Patients in group A （n=19） were given 800 ml of 12.5% glucose solution for oral intake the night before surgery,and 200 ml two hours before surgery.Patients in group B （n=19） were given distilled water instead of glucose.Patients in group C （n=18） were asked to fast for 8-12 hours before operation.Combined general and epidural anesthesia was used.pH at the lower esophagus was monitored during intubation and extubation.Albumin,transferrin,prealbumin,insulin,and fasting blood glucose were measured before surgery and at postoperative day 1,3,and 7.Results pH at the lower esophagus was 8.05±0.43 in group A,7.98±0.41 in group B,and 7.94±0.41 in group C.There were no perioperative acid regurgitations （P〉0.05）.Serum insulin in group A at postoperative day 1 was （16.32±16.11） μU/L,which was significantly lower than that in group B （30.65±41.74）μU/L and group C （34.01 ±52.91 ） μU/L.Log HOMA-IR in group A at postoperative day 1 was significantly lower than that in group B and group C （0.49±0.35 vs.0.59±0.56 and 0.60±0.63,P〈0.05）.Transferrin in group C at postoperative day 3 and 7 was significantly lower than that in the other two groups,as was albumin at postoperative day 3（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Oral liquid intake 2 hours before surgery is not associated with increased risk of regurgitation or aspiration during intubation and extubation,and may glucose solution intake reduce insulin resistance and protein degradation after colorectal surgery.