宋辽金时期翻译制度初探

A Probe into the Translation System in Song,Liao and Kim Dynasties

宋朝时期,佛教和译经事业继续得到发展。当时特别设立了译经院,并制定一些规章。译经院为佛教事业成规模地培养本土译师,这在历史上是第一次,对佛经翻译、刊印,佛经目录编撰和佛经训诂学的发展都有贡献。辽代设国史院、翰林院,撰写国史、起居注、实录,还翻译不少汉文典籍和文学作品。金代以科举取士,其中女直学是女真官僚和译官的重要来源。

In the Song dynasty Buddhism and translation of Buddhist scriptures were developed further. The special institute for translation was set up and some regulations were developed.It is the first time in history that the Institute trained a large number of local translators for translation of Buddhist scriptures, and made great contributions to the translation,publication,directory compilation and exegesis of Buddhist scriptures.In the Liao dynasty National History Institute,the Imperial Academy was set up for writing of National History,Confidential Memorandum,Imperial Record,and also many books and literary works in Chinese were translated into Qidan Language.In the Jin dynasty the Imperial Examination System was developed,in which the Jurchen School is the important source of Jurchen officials and translators of Jurchen language.