衣下空气层厚度对着装人体热传递的影响

Effect of thickness of air layer under clothing on heat transmission of wearer

位于人体皮肤与服装内表面之间的空气层是着装人体向外环境传热的重要途径。通过在人工气候室中重构热平板仪,测量了不同衣下空气层厚度时的面料表面温度,研究空气层厚度与面料表面温度之间的相互关系。建立了模拟显热量从皮肤表面经过衣下空气层、面料层向外环境传递的数学模型,分析衣下空气层厚度及环境条件对着装人体热传递的影响。实验及模拟结果表明,衣表温度随着衣下空气层厚度的增加而下降,但当空气层厚度达到16 mm时,自然对流的出现加大了皮肤向面料内表面的传热量,导致衣表温度升高。环境温度及风速与衣下空气层组合起来,共同影响人体通过服装系统向环境的散热量。

The air gap between human skin and clothing inner surface is one of the most important paths to transfer heat from human body to environment.By reconstructing the hot plate in a climate chamber,the fabric apparent temperature with different air gap thickness is tested and the relationship between air gap thickness and fabric apparent temperature is studied.A mathematical model is established to simulate the sensible heat originated from human skin delivered to environment through the air gap layer and the fabric.The effect of air gap thickness on heat transfer from clothed human body is analyzed.Both experimental and simulated results show that the clothing apparent temperature decreases with the air gap thickness,but the temperature begins to rise when the air gap thickness reaches 16 mm because the onset of natural convection increases the heat transfer from skin to fabric.The combination of environmental conditions and air gap thickness affects the heat transfer through clothing system.