亚热带和温带生态条件下籼稻品种产量潜力评价

Evaluation of yield potential of indica rice cultivars in the subtropical and temperate ecological zones

2001—2002年,对在中国宾川(亚热带)和韩国水原(温带)两生态区8个籼稻品种的产量潜力进行评价.结果表明,亚热带生态条件下实际产量和产量潜力比温带条件下高1.25和4.43t/hm2,差异极显著.亚热带生态条件下具有较高产量潜力,是因为具有较多的生物产量和颖花量,分别比温带条件下多2万/m2和422.25g/m2.对产量构成因子进行通径分析,结果表明,亚热带生态条件下,对产量的影响大小依次是有效穗、穗粒数、结实率、千粒重;温带生态条件下则是千粒重、穗粒数、有效穗、结实率.在亚热带生态条件下,增产途径应是在保证足够有效穗的基础上,适当降低穗粒数而增加结实率;温带生态条件下应在提高千粒重的基础上,保证适当穗粒数.

Eight Chinese and Korean indica cultivars including Dianchao 1,Dianchao 3,Guichao 2,Dasanbyeo,Milyang 23,Samgang-byeo,Yongmoonbyeo and Nampungbyeo were employed to inverstigate the yield potential of indica rice cultivars in Binchuan county（subtropical zone） of Yunnan province in China and Suwon（temperate zone） in Korean from 2001 to 2002.The results showed that the average grain yield and yield potential of these cultivars in subtropical zone were over 1.25 t/hm2 and 4.43 t/hm2 respectively,which were more than those in temperate zone and were significantly existing 1% probable level.Spikelets and dry matter played an important role in the grain yield potential in different ecological zones.20000 spikelets per square meter and 422.25 g/m2 were more in subtropical zone than in temperate zone.The rank of yield factors for yield were the number of paniclespikelets per panicleseed setting rate1000-grain weight in subtropical zone while ranked as 1000-grain weightspikelets per paniclethe number of panicleseed setting rate in temperate zone.Therefore,the rice grain yield could be increased,by properly reducing grains of panicle and improving seed setting rate in subtropical zone and it is also most likely to improve spikelets per panicle and 1000-grain weight in temperate zone.