新城疫病毒分子流行病学研究进展

Progress on Molecular Epidemiology of Newcastle Disease Virus

新城疫在世界范围内已经引起了4次大流行,每次大流行都是由一种新基因型引起的。尽管新城疫病毒只有1个血清型,但其基因型众多。论文主要综述了新城疫病毒基因型的划分方法以及国内外不同时期新城疫的流行状况及其特点,分析了国内外流行毒株及流行趋势,目前在国内外三大家禽中主要流行基因Ⅶd亚型毒株,鸽群中主要流行基因Ⅵb亚型毒株,为我国新城疫的防控提供理论基础。此外,弱毒株在新城疫的传播中所起的作用也值得关注。

Four panzootics of Newcastle disease occurred worldwide,each of which was caused by a newly emergent genotype.Newcastle disease virus has a single serotype,but could be classified into many genotypes.The way of genotyping and the overview of molecular epidemiology were discussed in this article.Meanwhile,the isolate prevailing and the trends to be prevailed were also analyzed.The genotype Ⅶd is the predominant spread genotype in the domestic fowl and genotype Ⅵb circulates in pigeon flocks at present,which provide rationale for the control of Newcastle disease in China.In addition,the role that the lentogenic strains played in the transmission of Newcastle disease virus should be concerned as well.