区域性氮高效小麦品种的生理生物学差异研究

Study on the Diversity of Physiologic and Biologic Characteristic of Regional Wheat Varieties with High Nitrogen Efficiency

采用裂区试验设计,主区为氮素,副区为小麦品种,通过盆栽和大田试验研究了区域性氮高效小麦品种的生理生物学差异。结果表明,5个区域性小麦品种中鄂麦14、鄂麦18和郑麦9023为氮高效应中响应型,鄂麦23和洛麦1号为氮低效应中响应型。它们的氮效应与生物产量和子粒产量相一致;氮胁迫有否对其产量构成因素的影响显著,不同时期小麦功能叶片中硝酸还原酶活性成单峰变化,不同氮效率小麦品种的根系形态学指标不尽相同,施氮能显著提高小麦功能叶片中硝酸还原酶活性和根系活力,但氮高效应型小麦品种的根系活力较氮低效应型不一定高。

Spilt block experimental design, using nitrogen as primary plot and wheat variety as secondary plot,was adopt to study the physiology of regional wheat varieties with high nitrogen efficiency by pot culture and field experiment. The results testified that Email 14, Email 18 and Zhengmail 9023 were nitrogen high efficiency-mid respond varieties and Email 23 and Lumail 1 were low efficiency-mid respond varieties. Their nitrogen efficiency, biologic yield and kernel output of wheat varieties were coherent. In the condition with or without nitrogen stress, component of wheat output were remarkably different. Nitrate reductase activity changed as a single-peak curve with the process of stage in wheat functional blade; morphological index of root system of wheat varieties with different nitrogen efficiency varied; nitrate reductase activity in wheat functional blade and lust of its root system could be outstandingly increased by fertilization with nitrogen, but lust of root system of wheat varieties with nitrogen high efficiency were not always higher than of wheat varieties with low efficiency.