前茬蔬菜对后茬秋白菜生产影响初探

Effects of Different Previous Stubble Vegetable on Production of Later Stubble Chinese Cabbage in Autumn

以大蒜、分蘖洋葱、菜豆、西瓜、甜瓜、甘蓝分别作白菜的前茬,通过复种或套种的方式,研究了不同前茬蔬菜对后茬秋白菜生产的影响。结果表明,与甘蓝作前茬的对照相比,大蒜、分蘖洋葱、菜豆、西瓜、甜瓜作白菜的前茬在一定程度上均可以促进白菜的长势,使其叶球高和叶球直径均有不同程度的增加;可以显著降低白菜霜霉病[Peronospora parasitica(Pers.)Fr.]的病情指数,显著提高白菜的产量。对前、后茬总效益的分析表明,甜瓜-白菜处理的经济效益最高,其次为西瓜-白菜和菜豆-白菜,比对照分别提高了142.3%、48.9%和33.6%;大蒜-白菜处理与对照的效益基本一致,分蘖洋葱-白菜处理总的经济效益表现最低,比对照减少了12.4%。

Garlic,tiller onion,bean,watermelon,melon and cabbage were taken as the previous vegetables of chinese cabbage. The effects of different previous vegetables on production of subsequent chinese cabbage were studied in autumn by the way of multiple cropping and interplanting. The result showed that comparing with the control of cabbage,all the other previous vegetables of chinese cabbage rotation could promote the growth of chinese cabbage in some extent, increase the leaf ball-height and the leaf-ball diameter of the chinese cabbage decrease the disease index of downy midew [Peronospora parasitica （Pers.）Fr.] in chinese cabbage,and improve the yield of chinese cabbage. According to the total benefit analysis of the previous and subsequent vegetables, the treatment of melon-chinese cabbage was the highest of all on the economic benefit, the next were the treatments of watermelon-chinese cabbage and beans-chinese cabbage. They increased 142.3%,48.9% and 33.6% than the control respectively. The economic benefit of garlic-chinese cabbage treatment was almost the same with that of the control. The treatment of tiller onion-chinese cabbage was the lowest of all on the total benefit and it was lower 12.4% than that of the control.