小麦单倍体育种方法

Method of Wheat Haploid Breeding

单倍体育种是一种效率高、见效快的育种手段,可与常规育种及其他生物技术育种相结合,具有独特的作用。目前产生小麦单倍体主要有3种方法,即花药培养法、球茎大麦法、玉米杂交法。每种方法各有优缺点,育种工作者可根据试验条件选用。笔者根据近几年小麦单倍体育种的实践,就育种目标、亲本选配、后代选择、加倍效果的鉴定等方面提出了一些看法。

Haploid breeding is an efficient and fast breeding technique, which boasts its unique effects when used in combination with conventional breeding technology and other biotechnologies. At present, three ways are used to get wheat haploid, including anther culture method, bulbous barley method and maize hybrid method. Each method has its own merits and demerits. Breeders can choose proper breeding method according to specific experimental conditions. In the paper, views on breeding objective, parents selection, progenies selection and identification of haploid doubling were discussed based on recent practices in wheat haploid breeding.